PHTY100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Hip Fracture, Synovial Membrane, Psoas Major Muscle
HIP = INNOMIATE BONE
ANAT LB hip joint
- Classification of hip
oThe hip is synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket
- Three pairs of movements that the hip does
oFlexion 120 degrees, extension 20 degrees
Transverse axis in sagittal plane
oAbduction 45 degrees, adduction 45 degrees
Anteroposterior axis in coronal plane
oMedial (internal) rotation 30 degrees, lateral (external) rotation 60 degrees
Longitudinal axis in transverse plane
Innomiate bone
- Three bones fuse together at approx. 16,17,18 years old by Y-shaped cartilage
through acetabulum
Articular surfaces
- Acetabulum – female surface
oFormed by union of the three component parts of innominate bone
One fifth pubis
Two fifths ischium
Two fifths ilium
oSemilunar shaped area covered with articular cartilage hyaline cartilage
helps to decrease the coefficient of friction
oAcetabular fossa non-articular area
- Acetabular notch
oInferior deficiency of the acetabulum
oGap is closed off by transverse acetabular ligament
- Acetabular labrum
oFibrocartilage wedge attached to rim of acetabulum
oDeepens socket and therefore increases stability
oAttached to acetabulum by zone of calcified cartilage
oMakes the acetabulum deeper
oHelps spread synovial fluid and creates a vacuum
oProprioceptive receptors
- Head of femur – male surface
oRoughly 2/3 sphere not perfect sphere
oCovered with articular cartilage, except for small area on head (fovea capitis)
oAll joints are considered to have male and female surfaces every joint has
one half male and one half female
oReasonably congruent with the acetabulum
oHip joint is very stable and is designed to hold a lot of body weight, transfer
body weight through to the ground
- Joint capsule
oStrong
oThickest anteriorly and superiorly
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Document Summary
Classification of hip: the hip is synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket. Three pairs of movements that the hip does: flexion 120 degrees, extension 20 degrees. Transverse axis in sagittal plane: abduction 45 degrees, adduction 45 degrees. Anteroposterior axis in coronal plane: medial (internal) rotation 30 degrees, lateral (external) rotation 60 degrees. 16,17,18 years old by y-shaped cartilage through acetabulum. Acetabulum female surface: formed by union of the three component parts of innominate bone. Two fifths ilium: semilunar shaped area covered with articular cartilage hyaline cartilage helps to decrease the coefficient of friction, acetabular fossa non-articular area. Acetabular notch: inferior deficiency of the acetabulum, gap is closed off by transverse acetabular ligament. Acetabular labrum: fibrocartilage wedge attached to rim of acetabulum, deepens socket and therefore increases stability, attached to acetabulum by zone of calcified cartilage, makes the acetabulum deeper, helps spread synovial fluid and creates a vacuum, proprioceptive receptors.
