PHTY200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Valvular Heart Disease, Metaplasia, Epithelium
Document Summary
Increase in cell size that cannot adapt through mitotic division. Physiological: increase in size due to a health increase in the workload of the cell. Pathological: occurs as a result of a disease: adaptive: myocardial hypertrophy from valvular heart disease, compensatory: the enlargement due to surgical removal (ie if one kidney is removed the other will increase in size) Increase in number of cells: hyperplasia, this is a controlled process in response to stimuli, stimuli that induce hyperplasia: 3. 3 list and describe the mechanisms that can produce cell injury: cell injury can be caused by, physical agents: Occurs as a result of body impact. Injuries may include splits, tears, fractures, blood vessel damage and disrupted blood flow. Mild heat vasculat injury, acceleratin cell metabolism inactivating temperature sensitive enzymes, disrupt cell membrane. Intense heat coagulation of blood vessels and tissue protein. Mild cold increase blood viscosity, vasoconstriction. Intense cold ice crystal formation: radiation injury. Causes sunburn and increased risk of cancer.
