PHTY205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Pleural Effusion, Angioplasty
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List the reasons a patient may have surgery (vascular, thoracic, cardiac): vascular surgeries, arterial & venous, atherosclerosis, aneurysms. Limited effect on lung function & exercise capacity: pneumonectomy, fev1 & fvc, abg normal at rest, e(cid:454)er(cid:272)ise (cid:272)apa(cid:272)it(cid:455, reasons for cardiac surgery, repair of congenital defects. Septal defects (hole in the heart: tetralogy of fallot, transposition of the great vessels, bypass grafting, valve repair/replacement (aortic, mitral, tricuspid, other, pericardotomy, aortic root repair. Left atrial appendage excision: cardiac surgeries, cabg, anaesthesia, harvest grafts, cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermia, cardioplegia, grafts, venous or arterial, internal mammary (ima, higher pulmonary complication rates, reduction in lung function, bilateral: potential for poorer sternal healing, especially if diabetic. Discuss the diffe(cid:396)e(cid:374)(cid:272)e i(cid:374) (cid:272)o(cid:374)se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) (cid:862)ope(cid:374)(cid:863) a(cid:374)d (cid:373)i(cid:374)i(cid:373)ally i(cid:374)(cid:448)asi(cid:448)e su(cid:396)ge(cid:396)y: aaa repair, open surgery. Less neurocognitive impairments: minimally invasive, minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (midcab, no cardiopulmonary bypass, keyhole surgery, 1 or 2 bypasses only, needs stabilisation system. Fewer complications: transcatheter valve implantation, replaces heart and lung function.
