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CHEN3010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Cyclonic Separation, Fluidized Bed, Sherwood Number

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2 Jul 2018

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Curtin University

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Chemical Engineering

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Chemical Reaction Engineering

Fogler Chapter 14

External Diffusion Effects on Heterogeneous

Reactions

Semester 1.2018

Gia Hung Pham

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Catalysis reactor types

1. Two phase reactor

- Fixed bed reactor

- Fluidized bed reactor

2. Three phase reactor

- Slurry reactor

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Fixed bed reactor

Lit.: Jens Hagen; Industrial Catalysis A Practical Approach; Wiley-VCH; 1999

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Document Summary

Fluidized bed reactor: three phase reactor. Compare: fixed bed and fluidised bed reactor: catalyst pellet size. Fixed bed reactor : large (heat and mass transfer will influence the rate and product selectivity) Fixed bed reactor requires much more catalyst than fluidised bed reactor: temperature control. Fixed bed reactor: bad, non-isothermal operation and hot spots ruin the catalyst. Fluidised bed reactor: very good (rapid mixing of solid: pressure drop. Fluidised bed reactor: low: catalyst deactivation - regeneration. : jens hagen; industrial catalysis a practical approach; wiley-vch; 1999. Chapter 11: external diffusion effects on heterogeneous reaction. Two steps involve in the reaction (external mass transfer and surface. Dab : diffusion coefficient (m2/s) (is a function of t and p) : boundary layer thickness (m) (is unknown, depends on fluid velocity, particle dia(cid:373)eter, (cid:448)iscosity, de(cid:374)sity, te(cid:373)perature . ) Jaz: average molar flux from the bulk fluid to the surface (mol/m2. s) Surface reaction rate (first order reaction) r .

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Related Questions

Questions to answer :

1. Trace the carbon atom(s) from the calcium carbide through the experiment, showing the chemical reaction(s) that takes place in each step of the experiment. There should be two Place filter paper in funnel. Attach hose to vacuum 14 reactions where carbon dioxide escapes as a product and one reaction where carbon dioxide appears as a reactant.

4.* In the last step of this experiment, you treated calcium carbonate with dilute acid, causing the solid to fizz. Briefly describe what building or structural materials contain calcium carbonate and indicate what effects acid rain may have on these materials. Would you expect buildings or monuments made from carbonates to "fizz" when exposed to acid rain? Find examples of materials in your neighborhood that may have succumbed to acid rain, indicating what effects acid rain had on the material you are describing, and indicating the chemical reaction(s) that are taking place with that material upon exposure to acid rain.

Questions to answer In your notebook:

1. Trace the carbon atom(s) from the calcium carbide through the experiment, showing the chemical reaction(s) that takes place in each step of the experiment. There should be two Place filter paper in funnel. Attach hose to vacuum 14 reactions where carbon dioxide escapes as a product and one reaction where carbon dioxide appears as a reactant.

4.* In the last step of this experiment, you treated calcium carbonate with dilute acid, causing the solid to fizz. Briefly describe what building or structural materials contain calcium carbonate and indicate what effects acid rain may have on these materials. Would you expect buildings or monuments made from carbonates to "fizz" when exposed to acid rain? Find examples of materials in your neighborhood that may have succumbed to acid rain, indicating what effects acid rain had on the material you are describing, and indicating the chemical reaction(s) that are taking place with that material upon exposure to acid rain.

Question 82a, 82b, 82c

553 CHAPTER 14 Chemical Kinetics: The Rates of Chemical Reactions trans-fColenhal.(aq) + H2O(C) â (see Section 4-8), and some data collected by that approach are given below. The initial concentrations were Iphenolphthalein] -0.0050 moUL and TOH 1 0.61 moVL (Data are taken from review materials for kinetics at chemed.chem.purdue.edu.) (For more details on this reaction see L. Nicholson, Jourmal of Chemical Edacation, Vol 66, p. 725, 1989.) red The reaction progress is olowed by observing the of the solution. The original solution is green, and the final solution is red, but at some intermediate stage when is gray. Time ts) 0.00 0.0050 223 35.7 1.1 69.3 91.6 1204 160.9 2303 299.6 0.0035 0.0025 00015 0.0010 0.00050 000025 (a) Plot the data above as Iphenolphthalein] versus time, and determine the average rate from t15 seconds and from -125 seconds. Des the rate change? If so, why? 0 to 100 seconds to original solution intermedlate solution (b) What is the instantaneous rate at 50 seconds? (c) Use a graphical method to determine the order of the d) What is the half-life for the reaction? green, cobalt-based complex called trans-dichlorobis- reaction with respect to phenolphthalein. Write the rate law, and determine the rate constant. 82. You want to study the hydrolysis of the beautiful ethylenediamine)cobaltiIII) ion final solution Changes in color with time as CI- ion is replaced by H,O in a cobalt(Il) complex. The shape in the middle of the beaker is a vortex that arises because the solutions are being stirred us- ing a magnetic stirring bar in the bottom of the beaker Reactions such as this have been studied extensively, and that the initial, slow step in the reac- tion is the breaking of the Co-Cl bond to give a five- coordinate intermediate. The intermediate is then attacked rapidly by water Slow: trins-Co(enhal.(aq) â In this hydrolysis reaction, the green complex ion trans- Colen Cll forms the red complex ion [ColembalHO) [Co(enhci (aq) + a-(aq) cip as a Cl ion is replaced with a waser molecule on the Co- ion (en-H:NCH CHINH