EEH103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Nasal Cavity, Cellular Respiration, Mouth
WEK 10 NOTES:
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
- Responsible for vital functions:
Obtaining oxygen and providing oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration
Getting rid of waste product (carbon dioxide)
- Portions of the respiratory system are also used for non vital functions:
Aiding in speech production
Sensing odours
Straining , such as during child birth or coughing
FUCNTIONS:
- Provides extensive gas exchange surface area between air and circulating blood.
-moves air to and from exchange surfaces of lungs
-protects respiratory surfaces from outside environment
- produces sound
- Participates in olfactory sense (SMELL)
4 COLLECTIVE PROCESSES OF RESPIRATION:
-Pulmonary Ventilation
Moves air into and out of the lungs (breathing)
-External Respiration
Movement of oxygen, from the lungs to the blood and of carbon dioxide from the
blood to the lungs (gas diffusion)
-Transport of respiratory gases
Transport of oxygen from the lungs to tissue cells of the body and of carbon dioxide
from tissue cells to the lungs (CV system)
-Internal respiration
Movement of oxygen from blood to the tissue cells and of carbon dioxide from
tissue cells to blood (gas diffusion)
GAS DIFFUSION: across respiratory membrane (between alveoli and capillaries) and across capillary
walls between blood and other tissues)
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ORGANS AND STRUCTURES:
- Nose (nasal cavity)
- Oral cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial tree
- Lungs diaphragm.
STRUCTURAL DIVISIONS:
- Upper respiratory system: above larynx
- Lower respiratory system (below larynx)
FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONS:
1. Conducting Zone: the organs and structures not directly involved in gas exchange
(passageways)
Passageways to travel into and out of the lungs:
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Most bronchioles
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MAJOR FUNCTIONS:
To provide a
route for
incoming and
outgoing air
Remove debris
and pathogens
from the
incoming air
Warm and
humidify the
incoming air
Epithelium of
the nasal
passages is
essential to
smell odours
THE NOSE:
- Major entrance and exist for the respiratory system
- Two major sections:
External
Nasal cavity
- Nares (anterior of nasal cavity):
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Document Summary
Obtaining oxygen and providing oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration. Getting rid of waste product (carbon dioxide) Portions of the respiratory system are also used for non vital functions: Straining , such as during child birth or coughing. Provides extensive gas exchange surface area between air and circulating blood. Moves air to and from exchange surfaces of lungs protects respiratory surfaces from outside environment produces sound. Moves air into and out of the lungs (breathing) Movement of oxygen, from the lungs to the blood and of carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs (gas diffusion) Transport of oxygen from the lungs to tissue cells of the body and of carbon dioxide from tissue cells to the lungs (cv system) Movement of oxygen from blood to the tissue cells and of carbon dioxide from tissue cells to blood (gas diffusion) Gas diffusion: across respiratory membrane (between alveoli and capillaries) and across capillary walls between blood and other tissues)
