PSYC10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Anomic Aphasia, Living Brain, Function Word
13 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
13 March
MBB1 Week 3; Lecture 6 Notes
Methods for Studying the Living Brain
-clinical neuropsychology
-attempts to explain normal brain-behaviour rships - assessing how system breaks down after
damage
-isolate functional modules in the brain - patterns of dissociation & association
-selective patterns of loss - can pick up the different functions of different parts of the brain
-Broca’s aphasia - disorder of spoken language
-Broca’s area - place in left hemisphere = responsible for expressive language (not
comprehension)
-examples of speech of ppl w brocas aphrasia
-apraxia of speech (slow, laborious speech, non-fluent)
-agrammatism (loss of grammatical function word)
-anomia (difficulty finding appropriate words)
-aware that they have a problem - frustruating
-different people exhibit various problems to different extents - depends on location & size of
lesion
-Wernicke’s aphasia - disorder of language comprehension
-cannot comprehend speech but is fluent, even though speech does not make sense
-damage in posterior part of superior temporal gyrus
-examples of speech of ppl w Wernicke’s aphasia
-fluent speech, normal prosody
-few content words, nonsense speech (jargon)
-usually unaware of their condition
-limitation of clinical neuropsychology (doesn’t mean it invalidates any other type of learning)
-patients often difficult to test intensively - due to trauma, physical exertions
-problem of replicability in single cases - no 2 brains are the same
-assumes that local lesions have local effects - could have brain swelling in other regions
-no control of lesion size/location in brain - “experiments of nature”
-experimental ablation (making small lesions in distinct parts of certain animals brain to observe
lesions on behaviour)
-animals must have similar kind of structures to us
-uses toxic chemicals/radio-frequency energy = invasive processes - ethical process
-delayed non-matching to sample task (used to access memory function for monkeys)
-monkeys w surgical lesions - take longer to comprehend the task than un-operated monkeys
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Attempts to explain normal brain-behaviour rships - assessing how system breaks down after damage. Isolate functional modules in the brain - patterns of dissociation & association. Selective patterns of loss - can pick up the different functions of different parts of the brain. Broca"s aphasia - disorder of spoken language. Broca"s area - place in left hemisphere = responsible for expressive language (not comprehension) Examples of speech of ppl w brocas aphrasia. Apraxia of speech (slow, laborious speech, non-fluent) Aware that they have a problem - frustruating. Different people exhibit various problems to different extents - depends on location & size of lesion. Wernicke"s aphasia - disorder of language comprehension. Cannot comprehend speech but is fluent, even though speech does not make sense. Damage in posterior part of superior temporal gyrus. Examples of speech of ppl w wernicke"s aphasia. Limitation of clinical neuropsychology (doesn"t mean it invalidates any other type of learning)
