PSYC20008 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Ossification, Cervical Cancer, Diarrhea
10 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 15
- Babies who walk early are inclined to be especially bright [False]
- Half the neurons in average baby’s brain die over first few years of life [True]
- Most children walk when they are ready, and no amount of encouragement will
enable a 6 month old to walk alone [True]
- Hormones have little effect on human growth and development until puberty
[False]
- Emotional trauma can seriously impair the growth of young children, even
though they are adequately nourished, free from illness, and not physically
abused [True]
- Very rapid growth during first 2 years of life
- Prolonged period of physical development
- Pubertal growth spurt
-
- Two lines are close in height and weight until puberty
- Girls show slight advance before puberty in both height and weight
- Boys are taller and heavier than girls
- No period of plateau
-
- Skeletal growth: soft cartilage in prenatal period, good for birth [squeezed out through
birth canal, skull has slight fissures so that skull sections can cross over each other
and squeeze through], gradually ossifies into bone; ankles, feet, wrists, and hands
develop more bones as the child matures
- Muscle growth: Newborns are born with all the muscle fibres they will ever have;
maturation of fibres occurs very gradually in childhood and then accelerates in
adolescence
-
- Hormone of interest comes from hypothalamus → feeds info into pituitary gland →
feeds info into these areas of body that produces other hormones
- Thyroxine, androgens, growth hormone, testosterone, oestrogen
-
- Apex of height growth spurt for girls varies enormously between girls: some girls
achieve highest height at 12-13, average 15.5
- Average for boys to reach highest height is 17.5
Document Summary
Babies who walk early are inclined to be especially bright [false] Half the neurons in average baby"s brain die over first few years of life [true] Most children walk when they are ready, and no amount of encouragement will enable a 6 month old to walk alone [true] Hormones have little effect on human growth and development until puberty. Emotional trauma can seriously impair the growth of young children, even though they are adequately nourished, free from illness, and not physically abused [true] Very rapid growth during first 2 years of life. Two lines are close in height and weight until puberty. Girls show slight advance before puberty in both height and weight. Boys are taller and heavier than girls. Muscle growth: newborns are born with all the muscle fibres they will ever have; maturation of fibres occurs very gradually in childhood and then accelerates in adolescence.
