BIO1042 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Internal Control, Evaporation, Human Body Temperature
12 Sep 2018
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Document Summary
Animal response to changes in the environment: avoidance, space, time, conformality or tolerance, undergoes internal change similar to external, regulation, maintain internal despite changes in external. Concept of homeostasis: dynamic state, external conditions cause change, change counteracted by internal control mechanisms. Sensitivity of physiological and biochemical processes: enzyme-mediated reactions, membranes, although different animal species are adapted to different environments, each has an. Optimal range: thermoregulation helps keep body temperature within optimal range. Heat exchange: radiation = energy moves through space, conduction = temperature gradient, convection = bulk movement with fluids, evaporation = vaporisation of liquid cools surface. Balancing heat loss and gain insulation: hair, feathers, trap air, efficiency depends on how much still air is trapped. Fat: either thin or thick layers of fat in the body, transfer of heat 50-100 times faster in water, blubber. Balancing heat loss and gain cooling by evaporative loss: cooling down, bathing, panting, sweating, saliva on body surface.
