BIOM1060 Lecture Notes - Fall 2018 Lecture 9 - Azathioprine, Gut flora, Submucosa
Document Summary
T(cid:449)o for(cid:373)s: ul(cid:272)erati(cid:448)e (cid:272)olitis (cid:894)uc(cid:895) a(cid:374)d croh(cid:374)(cid:859)s disease (cid:894)cd(cid:895) Innermost lining of large intestine (colon and rectum) Spreads deep into affected tissues (transmural), can even effect si. Extraintestinal manifestations (incl. musculoskeletal, dermatologic, hepatopancreatobiliary, ocular, renal and pulmonary systems) Influenced by: host genetic susceptibility, dyregulated immune response. Impairment of intestinal epithelial barrier function: environmental factors (eg. commensals, pathogens, antibiotics, diet, stress) Family history: higher risk if family members affected. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications: may increase risk of developing ibd or worsen disease (role of housekeeping pg) Geography: higher risk in urban/industrialised areas and certain countries (esp. northern) Balance disturbance between gut commensal bacteria and host response in intestinal mucosa. Epithelial cells play prominent role in pathogenesis. Must maintain links between diet, immune system and bacteria in git (microbiome) Treatment provides: symptom relief, long-term remission and reduced risks of complications. Biological therapy - targeting tumour necrosis factor (tnf) Side effects: cell death, tissue damage, apoptosis destroyed.
