BIOM1060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ovarian Cyst, Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill, Intrauterine Device
Document Summary
Hormonal: oral, progesterone only, implant, depot, intrauterine devices, vaginal ring. Non-hormonal: natural methods (eg. abstinence), condoms, diaphragm, sterilisation. Contains oestrogen and progestogen: both inhibit follicle development and ovulation via negative feedback: progestogen: also thickens mucus (barrier to sperm) and changes uterus lining (reduces implantation) Do not ovulate while taking pill monthly bleed is withdrawal bleed and not actual menstrual period (2 days after last active pill) Benefits: contraception, regulates menstrual cycle, menstrual blood loss (menorrhagia) and cramping (dysmenorrhea), risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, predictable/ regular bleeding pattern, can be stopped/started to suit needs. Also used for amenorrhoea, acne, ovarian cysts, endometriosis. Disad(cid:448)a(cid:374)tages: daily pill, does(cid:374)(cid:859)t prote(cid:272)t agai(cid:374)st stds. 6th september 2018: monophasic: each has same oestrogen and progestogen and classified by dose of oestrogen (20mcg = low 50mcg = high, multiphasic: varying levels of progestogen and oestrogen to mimic natural cycle.
