POLS2603 Lecture Notes - Sub-Saharan Africa, Informal Sector, Parental Leave
Lecture 4 - Gender and the Global Economy
How are men and women positioned in the global economy?
Labour Force Participation:
Ppl in or looking for paid work
significant gender gap globally
little change over last 20 years
Decrease in gap is due to men decreasing participation, not women increasing
both men + women participating less over last 20 years
young women least likely to participate
lowest gap in sub-Saharan Africa
biggest gap in Arab states
Gap has grown slightly in SE Asia and Southern Asia
Job Quality:
globally women are over-represented in poor quality jobs, but there is not a huge
gap
due to women being concentrated in precarious jobs that involve casualisation
relatively non-gendered occs: elementary occupations (unskilled ag work),
managers, professionals and technicians
Overrepresented in clerical, service and sales workers, esp in non-devd
economies
Underrepd in skilled ag/trades jobs and plant + machine operation/assemblers
Informal work:
women overrepd in family enterprises (businesses)
income generated from their labour, but doesnt often go back to them as a
person, goes back to the family
consequences of power relations in the family + autonomy
Hours of work:
women more likely to be part-time
= more likely to be seen as underemployed (where they want to be working
more hours than they are)
mostly due to time constraints due to unpaid home/community/family work
Men are also likely to overwork
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Document Summary
Lecture 4 - gender and the global economy. Ppl in or looking for paid work significant gender gap globally little change over last 20 years. Decrease in gap is due to men decreasing participation, not women increasing both men + women participating less over last 20 years young women least likely to participate lowest gap in sub-saharan africa biggest gap in arab states. Gap has grown slightly in se asia and southern asia. Overrepresented in clerical, service and sales workers, esp in non-dev(cid:1685)d economies. Underrep(cid:1685)d in skilled ag/trades jobs and plant + machine operation/assemblers. Informal work: women overrep(cid:1685)d in family enterprises (businesses) income generated from their labour, but doesn(cid:1685)t often go back to them as a person, goes back to the family consequences of power relations in the family + autonomy. Hours of work: women more likely to be part-time.
