483 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Turkana Boy, Homo Heidelbergensis, Donald Johanson
5 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
LECTURE 11 human evolution
Where do humans fit?
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo Species: sapiens
Kingdom Animalia
• Eukaryotes • Multicellular
• Heterotrophic (get nutrients by eating)
• >1.5 million described species
• First appeared 600 MYA
Phylum Chordata
• Notochord • Hollow dorsal nerve cord
• Pharyngeal slits • Endostyle • Post‐anal tail
Vertebrates • Cranium • Backbone of vertebrae
Class: Mammalia
• Mammary glands • Hair • Three middle ear bones • Neocortex
Eutherians • Placental mammals • 95% of mammal species
Order: primates
• Forward‐facing eyes • Binocular vision
• Large brain (esp. apes) • Prehensile digits • Opposable thumbs
Closest relatives
• Chimpanzees • Last common ancestor: 5‐7 MYA
Family: Hominidae
• Walk upright –Hand use
• Shared dental formula
Where do humans fit?
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo Species: sapiens
…eukaryotic, heterotrophic notochord, post‐anal tailed… …hairy, mammary gland…
…opposable thumbed… …upright… …human… …wise.
Ardipithecus group
• The earliest humans • In Africa 4.5‐6 MYA
•The mix of human and ape‐like features • Some evidence of upright walking •Mixed diet ‐ like
the modern chimp
Australopithecus spp. ‐ bipedalism
• 3‐4 MYA • Different species, widespread in Africa
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Kingdom animalia: eukaryotes multicellular, heterotrophic (get nutrients by eating, >1. 5 million described species, first appeared 600 mya. Phylum chordata: notochord hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits endostyle post anal tail. Class: mammalia: mammary glands hair three middle ear bones neocortex. Eutherians placental mammals 95% of mammal species. Order: primates: large brain (esp. apes) prehensile digits opposable thumbs. Closest relatives: forward facing eyes binocular vision, chimpanzees last common ancestor: 5 7 mya. Family: hominidae: walk upright hand use, shared dental formula. Kingdom: animalia phylum: chordata class: mammalia order: primates family: hominidae. Eukaryotic, heterotrophic notochord, post anal tailed hairy, mammary gland : the earliest humans in africa 4. 5 6 mya, the mix of human and ape like features some evidence of upright walking mixed diet like. Bipedalism: 3 4 mya different species, widespread in africa the modern chimp, minimal tool use, males much more extensive than females mixed diet, including hard fruits.
