IBUS2102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cognitive Dissonance, Feng Shui, Chronemics
28 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
IBUS2102 week 3
Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck → refer to reading for more in depth notes
• Relation to nature
o Harmony, mastery, subjugation
▪ Fengshui
• Relationship among people
o Individualistic, group and hierarchical
o Power distance
• Activity orientation
o Being, doing, controlling/thinking
o Lifestyles of indv.
• Time orientation
o Past, present, future orientation
• Basic human nature
o Evil, good, neutral
o 人間は悪か善
• Space orientation
o Public, private, mixed
Cultures impact:
• Cultural differences can affect wide range of issues
• Misunderstanding
• Strife for management
• Damage reputation of org in foreign country
• Culture can affect all aspects of management:
o Strategy, hiring, pay/ promotion, evaluation of performance
• International businesses can make many potential cultural
mistakes
• Even firms that are culturally savy will occasionally make
cultural missteps
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2
In and out groups
Ethnocentrism: tendency to favour one’s own group and see it as superior
Stereotyping
• Categorising that organises our experiences and guides our
behaviour towards various groups within society
• Beliefs about characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of members of
certain groups
Stereotypes can be helpful if they are:
• Consciously held
• Descriptive
• Accurate
• Used only as firs best guess
• Modified
→ may lead to prejudice
• evolutionary perspective
• personality approaches
• group identity theory
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Ethnocentrism: tendency to favour one"s own group and see it as superior. Stereotyping: categorising that organises our experiences and guides our behaviour towards various groups within society, beliefs about characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of members of certain groups. Stereotypes can be helpful if they are: consciously held, descriptive, accurate, used only as firs best guess, modified. May lead to prejudice: evolutionary perspective, personality approaches, group identity theory. Increased contact between groups and/or individuals generates increased understanding and reduces stereotypes and conflict (allport, 1954) when : equal status, common goals, openness to experience, interdependent cooperation support of authority. Dissonance = conflict, incompatibility (e. g between attitudes, emotions, beliefs, behaviour. Week 3 lecture slides: cross cultural communication. Context in which communication takes places affects meaning and interpretation. Assume message received if questions are not asked. Both parties must be sensitive in formulating and interpreting message. Lost in translation: praise, paralanguage, intonation, pitch, speed of speaking, hesitation noises, gesture, facial expression.
