101551 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Social Stratification, Social Inequality, Proletariat

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amberhippopotamus661

24 Jan 2020

School

UWS

Department

University of Western Sydney

Course

101551

Professor

anon

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Social stratification refers to society s categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic status factors like wealth, income, race, education, gender, occupation, and social status, or derived power (social and political). As such, stratification is the relative social position of persons within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit. Moreover, a social stratum can be formed upon the bases of kinship, clan, tribe or caste or all four. The categorization of people by social strata occurs most clearly in complex state-based, polycentric, or feudal societies, the latter being based upon socio-economic relations among classes of nobility and classes of peasents. Historically, whether or not hunter-gatherer, tribal, and band societies can be defined as socially stratified, or if social stratification otherwise began with agriculture and large-scale means of social exchange remains a debated matter in the social sciences.

Related Questions

2. Throughout the 1990s, the amount of foreign direct investment directed at both developed and developing nations increased dramatically. This trend reflects:

	a slowdown in global economic activity.
	the increasing share of the U.S. in the total FDI stock.
	the decline in cross-border flows of foreign direct investment.
	the increasing internationalization of business corporations.

3. Globalization is criticized because it increases the power of _____.

	governments to own enterprises
	unskilled labor to form labor unions
	supranational organizations over nation-states
	nation-states to regulate markets and reduce competition

4. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the reduction in trade barriers and restrictions on FDI since 1950?

	Firms are dispersing parts of their production process to global locations to drive down production costs and increase product quality.
	The economies of the world's nation-states are becoming more intertwined.
	Nations are becoming more independent of each other for important goods and services.
	The world has become significantly wealthier since 1950.

5.A common law system is different from a civil law system because:

	a common-law system is based on religious teachings, while a civil law system is based on cultural traditions.
	a common-law system is very rigid, while a civil law system tends to be more flexible.
	in a common law system, a judge relies on legal codes to make rulings, while in a civil law system a judge relies on his intuition and moral reasoning to make judgments.
	in a common law system, a judge has the power to interpret the law, while in a civil law system a judge has the power only to apply the law.

7. Which of the following areas of international trade is regulated by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act?

	Making and performing commercial contracts in international trade.
	Preventing bribery and unethical acts in the conduct of international business.
	Establishing a set of safety standards to which a new product must adhere.
	Controlling the mafia activity that hinders trade in Russia, Japan, and the U.S.

8. Which of the following is a measure that is developed by the United Nations to measure the quality of life in different nations?

	Gross national income
	Human Development Index
	Purchasing power parity
	Gross domestic product

9. According to Hernando de Soto, which of the following factors is essential for the developing world to be able to reap the benefits of innovation and entrepreneurship?

	Detailed state planning
	Restricting direct investment by foreign enterprises
	Strong property rights
	Market regulation

10.Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?

	Caste stratification
	Class system
	Social mobility
	Individual potential

11.Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?

	A manager in India looks down upon his subordinates because they are from a lower caste, compared to him.
	An upper-middle-class woman talks rudely to a salesperson because she looks down upon individuals belonging to the working-class.
	An American manager criticizes the cultural practices of Saudi Arabia when he is sent there on business because it differs from his own cultural norms.
	A French business owner, who plans to expand his market to China, conducts a detailed cultural study of China to customize his marketing campaign.

13An international U.S. based company sets up a production unit in a developing country with poor environmental regulations. This contributes to:

	the noblesse obliges the situation.
	the inequity aversion.
	the global tragedy of the commons.
	the Friedman effect.

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101551 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Social Stratification, Social Inequality, Proletariat

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