401002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Short Gastric Arteries, Splenic Artery, Lymph Node

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The secondary (or peripheral) lymphoid organs (slo), which include lymph nodes and the spleen, maintain mature naive lymphocytes and initiate an adaptive immune system. The peripheral lymphoid organs are the sites of lymphocyte activation by antigens. Activation leads to clonal expansion and affinity maturation. Mature lymphocytes recirculate between the blood and the peripheral lymphoid organs until they encounter their specific antigen. The main functions of the spleen are: to produce immune cells to fight antigens, to remove particulate matter and aged blood cells, mainly red blood cells, to produce blood cells during fetal life. The spleen synthesizes antibodies in its white pulp and removes antibody-coated bacteria and antibody-coated blood cells by way of blood and lymph node circulation. A study published in 2009 using mice found that the spleen contains, in its reserve, half of the body"s monocytes within the red pulp.

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