NEUR 1201 Lecture 7: Genetics

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Neuroscience
• Course: NEUR 1201
• Professor: Kim Hellemans

Document Summary

Proteins does pretty much everything in our body, but they do not last forever and our body makes new ones and replenish old and degraded ones. Proteins are chains of amino acids, building a protein is putting the amino acids in the right order. Dna tells the cells how to build proteins. Deo(cid:454)(cid:455)ri(cid:271)o(cid:374)u(cid:272)lei(cid:272) a(cid:272)id (cid:894)dna(cid:895) is pa(cid:272)ked i(cid:374)to (cid:272)hro(cid:373)oso(cid:373)es i(cid:374) the (cid:272)ell"s (cid:374)u(cid:272)leus. 23 pairs of chromosomes, and receive one per pair from each parent. Genes are segments of dna that code for particular proteins. Genes tells the cell how to build the proteins. Proteins have 20 amino acids to choose from but dna only has 4 nucleotide bases to encode that information. Ge(cid:374)es are orga(cid:374)ized i(cid:374)to (cid:272)odo(cid:374)s. ea(cid:272)h (cid:272)odo(cid:374) is 3 (cid:374)u(cid:272)leotides lo(cid:374)g a(cid:374)d (cid:862)(cid:272)odes(cid:863) for a spe(cid:272)ifi(cid:272) amino acid. Transcription is the first step in gene expression. A gene is copied into a strand of messenger. Sequence of each mrna strand matched the dna sequence of that gene.