BIOL 364 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Autophagosome, Unfolded Protein Response, Endoplasmic Reticulum
18 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Autophagy at the crossroads of catabolism and anabolism. The capacity to degrade long-lived proteins and organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the nucleus and ribosomes. The autophagic degradation promotes the recycling and salvage of cellular nutrients, thereby enabling cell survival during starvation. Autophagy has a number of rolls such as : maintenance of amino acid pool during starvation, organelle turnover and cellular renewal, clearance of intracellular microbes, regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, sustain cell life under stressful conditions. Involves formation of double membrane-bound vesicles called autophagosomes that engulf cytoplasmic proteins and organelles: the autophagosomes are trafficked to lysosomes to get degraded. Invagination of the lysosomal or endosomal membrane, resulting in the direct engulfment of substrates that are subsequently degraded. 1: direct translocation of cytoplasmic proteins across the lysosomal membrane in a complex with molecular chaperone proteins , recognized by a membrane receptor, resulting in protein unfolding and degradation.
