HIST 1115 Lecture Notes - Sergey Kirov, Agricultural Productivity, Main Source
Stalin’s Second Revolution
The Rise of Stalin: Debate over the New Economic Policy (NEP)
Stalin did an economic rev whereas Lenin had a revolution simply to gain power
(Political)
Life in country side had barely changed under Lenin
Under Stalin, everything would change
Stalin said that you could not survive a political rev. without having control of the
economy
Stalin wasn’t really around during the political revolution
His rise to power in the Soviet Union was almost accidental
They argued about the policy
oLenin seemed to be suggesting that the NEP was meant to be temporary
oArguing about whether to keep it in place or to move forward
oStalin looks more like a follower
oStalin gets elected as Secretary General
Stalin was arrogant and power hungry and Lenin saw this and recognized this
before he died
oTrotsky refused Lenin’s request for him to become deputy, he was too
busy running the Red Army
oLenin wanted Stalin to be demoted stalin ignored his last testament
Trotsky
oPeople didn’t want him to be the guy that succeeds Lenin
oHe was accused of bonapartism
oHas a clear cut position on the NEP (doesn’t like it)
oHe is very left wing
oHe thinks that they need permanent revolution at home and abroad
oCommunism should be international
The Troika : Kamenev, Zinoviev, Stalin
oBetween the 3 of them they make sure Trotsky is not heard within the
party
oThey want to renounce Trotsky
oThey say that If he thinks they should focus on international, then Soviet
union doesn’t have what it takes
oThey want to take the land from the peasants
oThey wanted NO private ownership
oTrotsky can’t politically defend himself
oThey don’t see Stalin as Trotsky’s rival, they see each other as the rival
Bukharin
o“right wing” within the party
slightly less radical than the others
ohe wants to just carry on
ohe wanted to invest in his economy
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
owhen they are a fully revolutionized state, they would export socialism to
the rest of the word
oallied with Stalin
Stalin wants nationalism rather than internationalism
oHe wants to revolutionize the Soviet Union first
oWanted to industrialize fully before spreading to other countries
oStalin was very inward looking hadn’t traveled Europe like many of the
other leaders had
oStalin had demolished all the Left-Wing opponents
Economic Revolution
In 1927 the supply of grain going into the city was lower than expected
oStalin blamed the peasants of hording grain
oThey didn’t have anything to buy with the money they get
oNeeded to be greater than expectation
oThe main source of wealth for Soviet union
oThey need to feed cities
oThey also need to sell it so they can have capital to get funds to buy stuff
to industrialized
oBigger farms are more productive, but all the farms are small and family
owned
oStalin began to enforce collectivization
oKulaks are the enemy of collectivization
“rich peasants”, most successful in their community
portrayed as greedy capitalist exploiters
most resistant against the militia and the Red Army
the resistant peasants are either killed on the spot, or deported to
far away places that are being industrialized
5mill are deported
othe resistance is very brutal
the peasants burn their livestock
they fought back
they felt that they owned their land and Stalin was TAKING it from
them
obetween 5 and 7 million people died during this tiem
there was a draught
peasants resisting
best farmers are being deported
Famine may have been “man made”
They are selling the grain abroad instead of feeding their
own people
oThe price of grain is rock bottom
During the depression
oThe peasant class is re-Feudalized
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The rise of stalin: debate over the new economic policy (nep) Stalin did an economic rev whereas lenin had a revolution simply to gain power (political) Life in country side had barely changed under lenin. Stalin said that you could not survive a political rev. without having control of the economy. Stalin wasn"t really around during the political revolution. His rise to power in the soviet union was almost accidental. Most resistant against the militia and the red army the resistant peasants are either killed on the spot, or deported to far away places that are being industrialized. They are selling the grain abroad instead of feeding their own people: the price of grain is rock bottom. During the depression: the peasant class is re-feudalized. Agricultural productivity did not increase: agriculture remains a weakness in the soviet union when it is collectivized o. The tractors came from the city: he also has the problem of the nationalities.
