BIOL 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Peptide, Deoxyribose, Hydrophobe
Document Summary
Central dogma: ow of information from dna -> (transcription) rna -> (translation) protein. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids (ie dna and rna) Nucleotide structure: phosphate grouped linked by a phosphoester bond to a pentose sugar which is linked to a nitrogen- and carbon-containing base. Can be several hundreds of millions of nucleotides long. An example of a nucleotide - ribose. Under intracellular conditions the phosphate group is negatively charged. Phosphoester bond connects phosphate group to a pentose ( ve carbon) sugar. Rna: sugar molecule is a ribose (2" oh) Pentose is linked to a base (contains nitrogen and carbon) Purines: have fused rings; pyrimidines (single ring) do not. Nucleosides: sugar and base without phosphate group. Amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptides. Amino acids are composed of: central alpha carbon atom, an amino group (nh2), a carboxyl group (cooh), hydrogen atom, and variable r group. Catalysis: catalyze intra- and extracellular chemical reactions.
