ANAT 262 Lecture Notes - Cloning, Hat Medium, Immunoglobulin Light Chain
21 May 2012
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Document Summary
We know so much about cells thanks to three main biological techniques: Microscopy (light and electron: light microscopy was the earliest technique used to view cells as a whole. Genetic techniques (particularly in yeast: both techniques above are used to determine what specific proteins do. Combinations of all three of the above. Light microscopy traces back as early as the 1950, when the technology involved little more than a lens and a mirror. Light microscopy was the most important technique until the 1950s: the technology was limited to looking at pictures of cells as a whole. Electron microscopy was introduced in the 1940s and became the dominant technique from the 1950s to the 1970s: this allowed scientists to look at components which make up the cell on a molecular basis. A combination of biochemistry and yeast genetics dominated the 1980s to present: genetics has even moved to more complex organisms, including us.
