INDS 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Smoking Cessation, Colonoscopy, Lead Time

• School: McGill University
• Department: Interndisciplinary Studies
• Course: INDS 111
• Professor: Anne Andermann

Document Summary

Principles of screening (a form of secondary prevention) Primary: immunization, smoking cessation, seat belts, well baby visits. Secondary: detection of early disease or screening. Tertiary: reduce complications, improve prognosis eg. tamoxifen in stage i breast cancer. Note: in cardiology 2 ( blockers post mi) is actually 3 prevention. Diagnosis: determining presence of disease in sick people. Screening: determining presence of disease (or risk factors) in persons who are well (or at least without symptoms) Two steps: screen and follow-up diagnosis, feasibility based on 3 requirements, burden of disease (for community, availability of effective treatment, performance of screening test. The disease: severe, common and perceived to be an important population health problem, must be able to significantly alter outcomes such as death or severe disability, significant lead time (prolonged asymptomatic period). Screening test: accuracy: high sensitivity and specificity, reliability (reproducible, safe and acceptable (stool occult blood, colonoscopy?, simple and inexpensive (mammography?)