PSYC 403 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Parent Management Training, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Externalizing Disorders
13 May 2018
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CBT for Child and Adolescent Psychopathology:
• Psychpathology
o Externalizing
▪ DSM diagnoses: oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, ADHD
▪ Behaviors, cognitions, and emotions: aggression, interpersonal conflict,
anger
o Internalizing
▪ DSM diagnoses: depression, anxiety disorders
▪ Behaviors, cognitions, and emotions: avoidance, fear, anxiety, sadness,
worthlessness
• CBT for externalizing behavior problems:
o Parent management training
▪ Almost exclusively parent focused
▪ Focuses on:
• Early disruptive behaviors
• Aggression
• Non-compliance:
o Not doig hat ou’re supposed to e doig
o Doig thigs ou should’t e doig
▪ Operant conditioning with your children
• What happens after a behavior determines whether you get more
or less of it
• Administer or remove, positive or negative stimuli
o Administer something positive-> get more of the behavior
o Administer something negative-> decrease the behavior
• Help parets lear to aage the hild’s ehaior
• Number 1 complaint: fighting with siblings
o Rewards them for playing with their sibling for five
minutes positively
o Remove positive stimuli-> give a time out
▪ If you want to see more of a behavior:
• Reward it with something positive
o Pay attention to it-> thank them
o Do’t ol pa attetio to egative behavior
• Remove something negative
▪ If you want to see less of a behavior
• Consequate it with something negative
• Remove something positive
▪ Think carefully about which quadrant you are in
• Think about whether a reinforcer is positive or negative
• Are you inadvertently proving positive reinforcement for a
ehaior ou do’t at to see?
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• Remember that attention is a very powerful positive reinforcer for
children
• Most successful with preschoolers but do it with older kids too
o Problem-solving skills training
▪ Help children learn to solve social problems more effectively
▪ Targets social-cognitive processes upstream from problematic behavior
▪ More child or youth focused approach
▪ Anger coping program
• 3 critical steps:
o Children taught:
o 1) To inhibit early angry and aggressive behavior
o 2) To cognitively re-label stimuli perceived as threatening
o 3) To solve problems by generating coping responses and
choosing adaptive, nonaggressive alternatives
• Goal: to inhibit early angry and aggressive reactions
• Sample activities:
o Building domino towers while being verbally distracted by
peers
o Learn to identify bodily cues that signal angry arousal and
identify thoughts that contribute to greater or reduced
anger
o “top, thik, hat should I do?
o Ho do I ko that I’ ad?
• Family focused- parent management training
• Youth focused- problem solving skills training
• Goal: to solve problem by generating alternative coping responses
and choosing adaptive, nonaggressive alternatives
• Use cartoon-sequences and role plays to practice generating and
evaluating different solutions to interpersonal problems
▪ Use problem solving skills on older kids
• CBT for internalizing problems:
o CBT for anxiety
▪ Similar to adult CBT
• But not as cognitively developed
▪ Focus on threat or danger
• Future oriented
• Anxious apprehension
▪ Strong negative emotion or tension, displayed as:
• Cognitive shifts
• Physical sensations
o They can feel it
o Muscle tension, gastrointestinal
• Behavioral patterns
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
