ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Foramen Magnum, Homo Habilis, Stone Tool
6 Mar 2017
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4:13 pm: hominid - humans and their direct ancestors, fossils - organic material is replaced by minerals from surrounding soil - petrification. What are the earliest fossils found: usually in africa, cave chambers. What does a hominid look like: small front teeth and large molars, bipedalism and its associated adaptions, manual dexterity. Australopthecus afarensis (4-3 million years ago: ethiopia and tanzania, lucy fossil, lucy fossil, very short, species was either very short or had large sex difference between males and females. Look over tall grass: hunting and meat eating, limit sun expose, enhanced heat loss, comes with hair loss, communication. The australopithecines (4-2 million years ago: found in east and south africa, many different types, more a genus than a specific, small brains, bipedal, large teeth, thick enamel. Paranthropus boisei (2. 5 - 1 million years ago) Earliest evidence for homo: 2. 5 - 1. 5 million years go, 20% larger brain that australopthecus, evidence of stone tool use, heavy dependence on culture.
