ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Pastoralism, Disability-Adjusted Life Year, Tell Abu Hureyra
8 May 2018
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Gender and Subsistence: Gender in the Past
Gender and Subsistence
- Ways societies make a living; varies with gender roles
- Certain tasks are performed by women or men
- The division of labour is often complementary
- Roles can change as political and economic status evolves
EX. Division of Labour – Water
Allows organizations to receive input from the females when
talking about water supply since they play a larger roe in that area
Foragers
- Hunting and gathering
- Mobile – follow the food
- Reciprocity
- Food sources include:
o Game hunting
o Fishing
o Collecting
Gender in foraging Societies
- Most display gender equality, but related to sources of food
- Example: Inuit
- Diet based mainly on meat and fish
- Emphasis on male labour
o Hunting/fishing
o Dangerous
- Increased male dominance
Pastoralism
- More labour to divide
- More gendered division of labour
- Still largely egalitarian (equality)
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Document Summary
Ways societies make a living; varies with gender roles. Certain tasks are performed by women or men. The division of labour is often complementary. Roles can change as political and economic status evolves. Allows organizations to receive input from the females when talking about water supply since they play a larger roe in that area. Food sources include: game hunting, fishing, collecting. Most display gender equality, but related to sources of food. Diet based mainly on meat and fish. Emphasis on male labour: hunting/fishing, dangerous. More work strong division of labour. Control of land and goods more important: mans status is linked to food production. Related to control of the distribution of produce and goods. Egalitarian societies ( eg iroquois: women and men have comparable economic roles. Non-egalitarian societies (eg igbo: men control property. Subsistence strategy focusing on intensive farming, investing a great deal of time, energy, and technology. Gender norms/rules are set early, and are universal.
