ANTHROP 2E03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Homo Ergaster, Homo Heidelbergensis, Homo Sapiens
13 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Should'be'able'to'identify'following'species:'
~"Lower"paleolithic~
Homo'habilis'(Earliest'member'of'Homo)'
Manufactured'Oldowan'tools'
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Major'milestone'in'human'evolutionary'history'
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First'evidence'of'cultural'behaviour'
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Australopithecus'
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~Middle"paleolithic~"
Homo'erectus/Homo'ergaster
Manufactured'Acheulean'tools'
Bifacially'worked'tools,'hand'axe,'cleavers
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Evidence'of'more'meat'eating/hunting'
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Homo'heidelbergensis'
Also'used'achulean'tools'
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Routinely'hunted'large'animals'
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Created'simple'shelters
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~"upper"paleolithic"~
Homo'neanderthalensis/homo'sapiens'neanderthalensis'
More'complicated'tool'techniques'
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Hammers
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Homo'sapiens'sapiens
Smartest'hominin'
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Us'
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Use'spearhead'tools,'hunting'
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Station'1:'Early'homo
3'differences'between'H.'habilis'and'A.'africanus'crania?'
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Do'you'think'the'H.'habilis'cranium'looks'more'like'A.'africanus'or'a'modern'
human?'Explain'reasoning'
A'africanus'has'prognathic'face
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A'africanus'has'larger'molars'
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A'africanus'has'smaller'cranial'capacity'
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H'habilis'looks'more'like'modern'human'
Because'of'cranial'shape,'more'round/robust
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Teeth'are'more'similar'
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Station'2:'Homo'erectus'
Four'cranial'or'dental'characteristics'shared'by'these'hominins'
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Identify'2'differences'between'the'Chinese'(A)'and'African'(B)'specimens'
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What'kinds'of'food'do'you'think'H.'erectus'ate?'What'evidence'leads'to'this?'
Homo'erectus'='teeth'similar'to'modern'day'humans'
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Homo'ergaster'='less'pronounce'brow'ridge,'thinner'cranial' bones
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Mixed'diet'of'meat'and'hard'foods'
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Stations'3:'Homo'heidelbergensis:'
Transitional'in'morphology'between'H.'erectus'and'modern'humans'
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Compared'homo'heidelbergensis'crania'to'H.'erectus'and'modern'humans'
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List'two'features'that'are'similar'to'H.'erectus'and'2'similar'to'modern'humans'
No'brow'ridge'in'modern'human'
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Homo'erectus'has'a'prognathic'face'
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Cranial'capacity'more'similar'to'modern'human
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Smaller'teeth'
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Station'4:'Neanderthals:'
List'four'cranial'characteristics'that'Neanderthals'possess
Larger'jaw
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Larger'cranial'capacity'in'neaderthal
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Larger'nasal'cavity'
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List'2'differences'between'the'Neanderthal'skull'and'the'H.'erectus'skull'
Neanderthal'has'more'pronounced'super'orbital'
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Neanderthal'more'robust
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Station'5:'Anatomically'Modern'humans
What'can'we'tell' about'their'diet'compared'to'diets'of'earlier' homo'species?
Evidence'of'much'more'diverse'diet
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What'does'it'indicate'about'cognitive'capabilities' of'homo'sapiens?'
Tool'use,'advanced'hunting'techniques
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Increased'social'collaboration'
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Increased'cranial'capacity'
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Lab$10$-Genus$homo$
Monday,'April'2,'2018
1:24'PM
