BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Escherichia Coli, Alpha And Beta Carbon, Zwitterion

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30 Jan 2017

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Two types of nucleic acids: dna and rna: dna discovered by friedrich miescher group. In rna, the monomer unit has a 5c sugar ribose and 2-deoxyribose in dna. The hydrolysis of this link makes one phosphoric acid and two alcoholic. It cant by itself encode information: nucleic acids are important in info storage an transmission because they are physiological ph heteropolymers. Each monomor has a heterocyclic base or nucleobase always linked to. The 1" carbon of the sugar: two types of heterocyclic bases = purine and pyrimidine. In rna t is replaced by u: transfer rna has many chemically modi ed bases to help stabilize the molecule, most eukaryotic dna has a small prop. of cytosines that are methylated at carbon. The 2" hydroxyl is super important in the rxns. Tautomers = structural isomers differing only in location of h atom and dble. G,t,u can partially isomerize to enol forms.

Related Questions

1) What is the difference between maltose and amylose (starch)?
Select one:
a. Maltose is joined by 1-4 glycosidic linkages, while amylose is joined by 1-6 glycosidic linkages.
b. Maltose is made of glucose in the alpha form, while amylose is made of glucose in the beta form.
c. Maltose is composed of glucose monomers, while amylose is composed of fructose monomers.
d. Maltose is a disaccharide, while amylose is a polysaccharide.
2) What does the â1-4â in â1-4 glycosidic linkageâ mean?
Select one:
a. Each branch of the chain is followed by four monosaccharides.
b. A one-carbon monosaccharide is connected to a four-carbon monosaccharide.
c. The first carbon on one monosaccharide is connected to the fourth carbon on the next monosaccharide.
d. Each monosaccharide is connected to four other monosaccharides.

What is the difference between the sugar group in DNA and the sugar group in RNA?

Select one:

a. The sugar group in DNA is a hexose, while the sugar group in RNA is a pentose.

b. The sugar group in DNA has one less hydroxyl group (âOH) than the sugar group in RNA.

c. The sugar group in DNA is a purine, while the sugar group in RNA is a pyrimidine.

d. The sugar group in DNA contains one less carbonyl group (double-bonded oxygen atom) than the sugar group in RNA.

peachbeetle893

Which of the following is the best characterization of the reading frame in gene expression?

Question 5 options:

The reading frame of a gene is set by the first three nucleotides in a gene's promoter.

Every gene has three possible reading frames, but all three specify the same protein.

Every gene has three possible reading frames, and thus encodes three different proteins.

The reading frame of a gene is set by the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA.

The reading frame of a gene is set by the first AUG codon near the 5' end of the mRNA.

Which of the following is/are NOT involved in initiating transcription in eukaryotes?

Question 9 options:

transcription factors

start codon

promoter

template strand of DNA

RNA polymerase

The chemical piece of DNA monomers that makes one DNA monomer different from another is:

Question 10 options:

	the sugar
	the position of the hydroxyl group on deoxyribose
	the nitrogenous base
	the position of the bond between phosphate and sugar
	the phosphate group

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

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BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Escherichia Coli, Alpha And Beta Carbon, Zwitterion

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