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BIOCHEM 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, Acetyl-Coa

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School
McMaster University
Department
Biochemistry
Course
BIOCHEM 2EE3
Professor
Felecia Vulcu

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Document Summary

Oxidation of pyruvate to co2; occurs in the mitochondrion in 2 stages: (1) decarboxylation of pyruvate to form 2-c acetyl coa catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdh) and (2) oxidation of acetyl group of acetyl coa to form. Co2 through tca cycle series of 8 reactions resulting in 2 co2, 3 nadh, 1 fadh2 and 1 gtp; reducing equivalents go to the etc where the potential energy will be converted to atp. Consists of 3 core enzymes (participate in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate): pyruvate dehydrogenase (e1), dihydrolipoamide transacetylase (e2), dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (e3) 2 regulatory enzymes: pdh kinase (inactivates pdh) and pdh phosphatase (activates pdh) Requires 5 co-factors: nad+, thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp), lipoic acid (covalently attached to e2 that serves as the swinging arm for the acetyl group as it goes from one enzymatic reaction to the next in the pdh complex) Covalent regulation of pdh by phosphorylation: pdh kinase phosphorylates to form pdhb; pdh phosphatase dephosphorylates to form pdha.

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Related Questions

1.) Certain complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain pump protons. Which of the following BEST describes the movement of protons in this situation?

a.) across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space

b.) across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the cytoplasm

c.) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the matrix

d.) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the matrix to the inter membrane space

2.) Which regulatory mechanism is activated when the overall energy availability of a cell is high?

a.) Citrate inhibits phosphofructokinase-1.

b.) ADP up-regulates phosphofructokinase-1.

c.) ATP inhibits phosphofructokinase-1.

d.) AMP up-regulates phosphofructokinase-1.

3.) Electron carriers are oxidized during which of the following reactions?

a.) glycolysis

b.) citric acid cycle

c.) electron transport chain

d.) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coA

e.) all of the above

1) In Eukaryotic cells, Glycolysis occurs in the __________,Pyruvate Oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle occur in the ________,and the electron transport chain is in the _____________.

a) Mitochondrial matrix; Mitochrondrial inner membrane;Cytoplasm

b) Cytoplasm; Mitochrondrial inner membrane; Mitochondiralmatrix

c) Mitochrondrial inner membrane; Cytoplasm; Mitochondrialmatrix

d) Cytoplasm; Mitochondrial matrix; Mitochrondrial innermembrane

e) Mitochrondrial inner membrane; Mitochondrial Matrix;Cytoplasm

2) We can detect tyrosinase among thousands of other proteins ina mushroom extract (in a solution or in-gel) because:

a) Its bigger than other proteins

b) Its smaller than other proteins

c) Its more charged than other proteins

d) It reacts with a specific substrate to produce a coloredproduct

e) It converts a specific colored substrate to a colorlessproduct

3) The highest energy carrier (transfer molecule) in cellsis:

a) NADH

b) FADH2

c) ATP

d) GTP

e) Acetyl- coA

1. How H+ are pumped across the inner mitchondrial membrane when one FADH2 undergoes oxidation via electron transport? Express your answer as an integer?

2.Using the value of 7.3 kcal/mole fir ATP , how many kcal can be produced from the ATP provided by the reaction of 1 mole of glucose in each of the following?

a. Glycolysis give your ans. using 2 sig fig.

b. Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA give ans using 2 sig fig.

c. citric acid cycle give ans. using 2 sig fig.

d. Complete oxidation to CO2 & H2O give ans. to 2 sig fig.

3.How many H+ are pumped across the inner mitchondrial membrane when one NADH undergoes oxidation via electron transport? Express your ans as an integer.