BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Proteome, Proteomics, Alternative Splicing

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: Rosa Da Silva

Document Summary

Identify how protein diversity relates to the fact that one gene can code for many proteins. Examine how protein activity can be controlled based on post-translational modifications and relative location. Describe the importance of alternate protein forms. Understand how interacting proteins can lead to complex and regulated cellular responses. Genome - ~20-25,000 genes: alternative promoters, alternative splicing, mrna editing. Transcriptome - ~100,000 transcripts: post-translational modifications. Cells detect changes in the environment: high blood glucose (right after a meal) + pancreas insulin + body cells take up glucose; muscle and liver take up glucose and store it as glycogen decrease blood glucose. Glucose enters pancreatic cell: released insulin targets other cells of the body. Unit 3 the release of functional proteins. Translated polypeptide coded in the insulin gene is 110 amino acids long: the functional insulin protein is made up of 2 chains: (cid:573) chain is 21 amino acids. (cid:574) - chain is 30 amino acids.