CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Isoelectronicity, Unpaired Electron, Hydroxylapatite

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1A03
• Professor: Lydia Chen

Document Summary

Tendencies of metals, non-metals and transition metals to acquire or lose electrons in terms of their ground-state confirguration. When a transition metal atom ionizes, electrons from the ns orbital are removed first. Ti: 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2 3d and 4s are flipped in transition metals. Trends in atomic radii across a period and down a group. Atomic radius increases from right to left through a period and increases top to bottom through a group. In general, cations are smaller than neutral atoms and anions are larger than neutral atoms. Therefore, the trend is anion first, atoms increasing from left to right, cation last. In this case, with charges of 3- and 2+ there is no question that the charge factor is more important than the position in the period. N3- is larger because anions are always larger than neutral atoms. Trend for ionization energy: ie increases as atomic radii decreases. Electrons lost from 3p orbital in al vs 3s orbital in mg.