GEOG 2LE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Economies Of Agglomeration, Structural Adjustment, Human Capital
19 Apr 2018
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Labour market segmentation: division of market into sections with different rules, terms of entry, promotion, working practices, remuneration, etc, differences produced by: Career expectations, which are often influenced by socio-economic background and location. Job experience, path dependency, and continuing availability of positions. Education and income: labour unions: collective representation to improve pay and benefits, government policies, governments maintain right to authorize collective labour organization, organizational rights vary greatly among countries, states, and provinces. Us privileges individual right to work over collective right to organize: minimum wage laws established to support workers who are non-unionized. Increasing separation of highly-skilled and flexible core workers and less skilled workers whose numbers and hours are made more flexible. Increase in producer services providing high skills but without cost of developing in- house: labour market failures and challenges, not enough jobs. Unemployed: those out of a job but still seeking regular employment (i. e. they haven"t given up)
