HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Methyl Group, Benzene, Conjugate Acid
6 Mar 2017
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Biologic compounds: organic compounds are made up of atoms, c h o n s p, car(cid:271)o(cid:374) (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:373)ake 4 (cid:271)o(cid:374)ds, si(cid:374)gle or dou(cid:271)le (cid:271)o(cid:374)ds, (cid:271)etwee(cid:374) c"s. If the compound is a straight chain it is called alipathic. Methylation the group is important in determining whether or not a gene will be expressed, it makes the dna less accessible: adding a methyl group to dna to silence the gene so that it is not expressed. Functional groups: functional groups are structures that are bonded to the carbon chain, they are usually bonds between carbon and oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur or phosphate groups, they tend to be polar and more reactive. Phosphate: phosphate is a very important and common functional group. It is so common that it is usually just abbreviated by p as in glucose 6-p. Amines: compounds with nitrogen are usually basic and can have a positive charge. If nitrogen has 3 bonds, there is no charge on the molecule.
