KINESIOL 1Y03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Neuroglia, Astrocytoma, Radiation Therapy
28 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
Origins of cancer: genetic, changes in dna sequence, epigenetic, changes in gene expression without dna sequence change, e. g. methylation of dna, cancer genes, tumour suppressor genes, oncogenes. Hallmarks of cancer hanahan and weineberg (2000): cell sufficiency in growth signals, oncogene activation. Retinoblastoma genes, p53: evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, telomerase, sustained angiogenesis, increased vgef and fgf1/2, tissue invasion and metastasis, degradation of ecm proteins. Emerging hallmarks of cancer: avoiding immune system destruction, deregulating cellular energetics, genome instability and mutation, tumour-promoting inflammation. Cns tumours: adults ~50% malignant, pediatric >75% malignant. Impossible to completely resect: no chemotherapy cannot get past bbb, cell sufficiency in growth signals, oncogene activation. Retinoblastoma genes, p53: evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, telomerase, sustained angiogenesis, increased vgef and fgf1/2, tissue invasion and metastasis, degradation of ecm proteins, cell sufficiency in growth signals, oncogene activation. Insensitivity to growth inhibitory signal: mutations in tumour suppressor genes, point mutations, chromosome deletions, loh, methylation, e. g.
