NURSING 3PA2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Gabapentin, Retinal Detachment, Glycosylation
24 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Diabetes actually means excessive excretion of urine. Diabetes mellitus refers to the disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism with absolute or relative insulin deficiency. The complications of diabetes can be broken down into acute and chronic complications. Acute complications include hypoglycemia and hyperglycemic states of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome. The chronic complications can be further broken down into the microvascular complications of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy and macrovascular complications of cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease and coronary artery disease. Triggers or underlying etiology of acute complications often includes concurrent illness and factors related to the management of plasma glucose levels including noncompliance with diet or pharmacology therapy or side effects of pharmacological therapy. Chronic hyperglycemia and the resultant metabolic events have been associated with the underlying etiology of chronic complications of diabetes. Hyperglycemia affects cells that do not effectively reduce the transport of glucose into the cell in a hyperglycemic state resulting in intracellular hyperglycemia.
