PEACEST 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pacifism, Juan Ginés De Sepúlveda, Encomienda
29 Sep 2015
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Taoism: tao= the way , military force is contrary to tao, promotes peace within and without. Ahimsa (jainism, hinduism, buddhism): the principle of nonviolence toward all forms of life. Judaism/christianity/islam: shalom/prayers and blessings, ten commandments, new testament, peace of christ , salam/ peace as prerequisite for islam. Three competing ideas, from: paci sts = rejections of war, realists = war with few limits, just war theorists = war with limits. In vague terms, refers to the idea that violence in any form is unjusti able: its meaning has changed over time, coined in modern usage by emile arnaud, french peace activist (~1990) Theory based on 4 assumptions: the international system is anarchic, states are the most important actors, all states pursue self-interest, their primary goal is survival. Based on the overriding idea that humans are not benevolent, but rather self-centred and competitive. Han feizi (china, 3rd century bce: believed political institutions should be adaptable, and not governed by moral sentiment.
