SOCI 2100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Seal Hunting, Cultural Imperialism, Foreign Worker
12 Jun 2018
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Chapter 2: forms of oppression
Social construction of reality: refers to the sociological theory that proposes that way we
present ourselves in any given situation is shaped by interactions of our past relations.
5 forms of oppression
1)Stereotypes have been described as “mental cookie cutters” they force simple patterns on
complex mas and assign a limited number of characteristics to all members of the group. They
may have basic facts but they have been over generalized and applied to an entire segment of the
population or a situation. When we stereotype we ignore all individual characteristics about
individuals in that group or about that specific situation.
2)Prejudice: a negative attitude based on learned notions about members of selected groups,
based on their physical, social or cultural characteristics some prejudice can result from
ethnocentric attitudes or
3)ethnocentrism the tendency to judge another culture by the standards of your own this refers
to the practice or assuming that the standards of your own. The white culture thinks they are
dominant over others. (seal hunt: judging that Newfoundlanders are uneducated and bad animal
rights because of the seal hunt, judging one’s culture by the standards of your own, as fishing
culture isn’t seen around the world.)
4)Discrimination: the unequal treatment of individuals or group based on their characteristics or
behaviour, acting on the negative behaviour of prejudice.
5. violence, most insidious form of oppression, instilling fear in some groups (gays, blacks)
Two types of discrimination
1)Individual or direct discrimination: the denial of a right or freedom because of race,
ethnicity and so on, by and individual, against another individual, institution or group policies
and practices of a dominant of groups institutions and how they act. (individual who has property
owner who has space available but refuses to rent apartment to a single mother or gay couple)
2) institutionalized or Systemic discrimination: the policies of the dominant groups institution
and the behaviour of the individuals who control these policies which tend to have harmful or
undesirable effect on the members of a minority group. It differs from individual discrimination
in that we may not be conscious of it. Carding Toronto: institutionalized racisms.
Structural discrimination: differs from both systemic and individual discrimination.
Institutional polices of the dominant groups and the behaviour (the former height requirement
for police force, discriminates against Asian men as they descendants who on average are
shorter then European origin)
Structural discrimination: is different from both Systemic and Individual discrimination the
policies in the institution of the dominant groups and the behaviour of the individual who control
the policies are neutral in intent but end up having a harmful or different effect on minority
groups. (companies who lay off polices are based on seniority or length of employment. The
policies don’t seem to be deliberately discriminatory, expect when you reflect that minority
workers are more likely to be recent immigrants with low seniority that members of the
dominant group)
The Canadian charter of rights and freedom promises equally under the law and
ensures that every individual has the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law
without discrimination based on race, gender, age, national or ethnic origin or religion.
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Document Summary
Social construction of reality: refers to the sociological theory that proposes that way we present ourselves in any given situation is shaped by interactions of our past relations. 1)stereotypes have been described as mental cookie cutters they force simple patterns on complex mas and assign a limited number of characteristics to all members of the group. They may have basic facts but they have been over generalized and applied to an entire segment of the population or a situation. When we stereotype we ignore all individual characteristics about individuals in that group or about that specific situation. 2)prejudice: a negative attitude based on learned notions about members of selected groups, based on their physical, social or cultural characteristics some prejudice can result from ethnocentric attitudes or. 3)ethnocentrism the tendency to judge another culture by the standards of your own this refers to the practice or assuming that the standards of your own.
