SOCI 2100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Iqvia, Social Inequality, Ascribed Status
12 Jun 2018
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Chapter 3 social inequalities
Social inequalities: the unequal distribution of tangible or invariable goods or services to
individuals or groups in society.
Social stratification: division of people into categories or strata that are rewarded unequally in
terms of power, property and prestige
Ascribed status: status given at birth, such as gender, race or age
Achieved status: a status not given at birth; for examples occupations and education or marital
status.
Quintiles
When it comes to sociologists studying the different degrees to which people have access to
money we divide Canadian families into equal groups or what we call strata. Canada is a
stratified society. A strata is a way we analyze society as if it is divided into layers – called
strata. Strata means layers
The most common way of examining strata in Canada is through quintiles. A quintile is how we
split families into five equal groups, and each group comprises 20% of the population. – so each
group is referred to as a quintile. Each of these five ranked groups makes up 20% of the total
population.
-Quintile 1 are the lowest 20% of income earners, while Quintile 5 are the highest 20% income
earners in Canada. People in Quintile 1 receive about half of their incomes from government
transfer payments (like social assistance or EI). We may also find recent immigrants to Canada
and single-parent families in Quintile 1
As incomes increase, then, the portion of income coming from transfer payments decreases. For
example, the highest earners in the country receive about 2.6% of their earnings from
government transfer payments, while Quintile 1 receives almost 46%.
-When it comes to total income for Canadian families, Quintile 1 received 4% of the income,
while Quintiles 4 and 5 combined earned 70% of the total income. What we have seen over the
last many decades are that the income distribution between Quintiles 1 and 5 has grown, which
means Quintile 5 earners saw their incomes increase, while members in Quintile 1 saw their
earnings decrease.
-Social inequality exists when people have unequal access to resources. In a country such as ours
there is tremendous wealth and prosperity, but there is also poverty and homelessness.
-Social inequalities exist in society when people in groups don’t have the same access to
resources as others
World hunger has determined 925 000 000 do not have enough food, each year in Canada more
than 851 000 people use food banks each year (gathering place)
300 000 000 people are falling under the poverty line
Canada ranks 18/35 industrialized nation
Social inequality is being passed form on class to another
Top 10% of the poor receive 42% of the resources
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Social inequalities: the unequal distribution of tangible or invariable goods or services to individuals or groups in society. Social stratification: division of people into categories or strata that are rewarded unequally in terms of power, property and prestige. Ascribed status: status given at birth, such as gender, race or age. Achieved status: a status not given at birth; for examples occupations and education or marital status. When it comes to sociologists studying the different degrees to which people have access to money we divide canadian families into equal groups or what we call strata. A strata is a way we analyze society as if it is divided into layers called strata. The most common way of examining strata in canada is through quintiles. A quintile is how we split families into five equal groups, and each group comprises 20% of the population. So each group is referred to as a quintile.
