BLG 133 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, Dehydration Reaction, Monosaccharide
Document Summary
Main fluid compartments of body is mostly water: cytoplasm inside the cell, fluid between the cells, fluid in the blood. Acid: metabolism; all chemical processes carried by cells to maintain life, essential nutrients; nutrient that body can"t make must be obtained by food (i. e. 4 major categories) Carbohydrates: provide short + long term energy (sugar) always contain at least one oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. Simple sugars (refer as monosaccharide); a simple sugar w/ 3-7 carbon atoms i. e. fructose, galacose and glucose. Double sugars (refer as disaccharide); made up of 2 simple sugar i. e. sucrose (glu+fru), maltose (glu+glu) and lactose (glu+gal) Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates); consist of many linked simple sugars i. e. starch (plant vacuole), cellulose (plantae + protista), chitin (fungi + exoskeleton animals), glycogen (animals: glycosidic bonds; formed by a dehydration reaction or condensation reaction. Can be broken down by hydrolysis and an enzyme (i. e. of enzymes are sucrose, lactase and maltase) Triglycerides (fats + oils: oils -> liquid.
