BPK 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Bone Marrow, Epiphyseal Plate, Openstax

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Biomedical Physio & Kines
• Course: BPK 142
• Professor: Brent Flodin

Document Summary

Bone is richly supplied with blood vessels: mineral storage calcium and phosphorus, structure of bone. The major building blocks of bone are calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, collagen fibers, and water. Collagen is a protein that is the main organic constituent of connective tissue. Bone tissue is composed of widely separated cells, called osteocytes, surrounded by matrix. The matrix is about 25% water, 25% protein, and 50% mineral salts. Bone is highly dynamic and is continually being remodeled in response to mechanical stress or even absence of stress. Longitudinal growth of a bone occurs at the epiphyseal plate, which is a layer of cartilage. The proliferating cartilage cells are gradually replaced by bone. The bones of physically active individuals tend to be denser and therefore more mineralized than those of sedentary individuals of the same age and gender. Bones are grouped into five categories according to their shape. Long bones, short bones, flat bones, sesamoid bones, and irregular bones: vertebral column.