MBB 342 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Molecular Phylogenetics, Multiple Sequence Alignment, Clustal

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Molec Biol & Biochem
• Course: MBB 342
• Professor: Gwylim Haynes

Document Summary

Evolution: accumulation of random mutation over time, accumulation of advantageous change, change in life over time, change in response to selective pressures, definition, adapration of organisms due to environment over time. Unique characters: things that are envolved once in a particular group, and does not show up in other groups. Hair: only mammals have hair (the furry caterpillars aren"t actually covered in fur) Loss of tails: loss of tails occurred independently in the ancesors of frogs and humans, this loss of tails doesn"t give us any useful information. Indels insertions and deletions in sequences: aren"t usually used in evolutionary analysis. Lots of uncertainty (are they accurately placed, etc) mught not match up with the codons. If no gap penalty, you could lit align anything: more gapping allowed in beginning, less at end, bc you"re more likely to find true indels at beginning, clustalx, alignment quality score below the alignment.