BIOL 1050H Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Adenoid, Soft Palate, Epiglottis
Respiratory System
Functions of the Respiratory System
Respiration = ventilation of the lungs (breathing)
Functions of the respiratory system:
1. Gas exchange
2. Communication
3. Olfaction
4. Acid-Base balance
5. Blood pressure regulation
6. Blood flow and lymph flow
7. Blood filtration
8. Expulsion of abdominal contents
The Respiratory
System
Principle organs: 1. Nose 2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
4. Trachea
5. Bronchi
6. Lungs a. Bronchioles
b. Alveoli Conducting division: Passages that serve only
for airflow
Respiratory division: Alveoli and gas-exchange
Regions
The Upper Respiratory Tract: Pharynx
Pharynx (throat) Muscular funnel to the
larynx
Regions:
1. Nasopharynx Nasal apertures soft palate Auditory tubes and Pharyngeal tonsil 90
downward turn
2. Oropharynx Soft palate epiglottis Palatine tonsils Pass air, food, drink
3. Laryngopharynx Epiglottis cricoid cartilage Esophagus begins at that point Pass
air, food, drink
The Upper Respiratory Tract: Larynx
Larynx (voice box) cartilaginous chamber ~4
Document Summary
Functions of the respiratory system: gas exchange, communication, olfaction, acid-base balance, blood pressure regulation, blood flow and lymph flow, blood filtration, expulsion of abdominal contents. Pharynx: larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs a. bronchioles, alveoli conducting division: passages that serve only for airflow. Regions: nasopharynx nasal apertures soft palate auditory tubes and pharyngeal tonsil 90 downward turn, oropharynx soft palate epiglottis palatine tonsils pass air, food, drink, laryngopharynx epiglottis cricoid cartilage esophagus begins at that point pass air, food, drink. Larynx (voice box) cartilaginous chamber ~4 cm long keeps food and drink out of the airway in several animals it has evolved for production of sound. Epiglottis flap of tissue that guards the superior opening of the larynx. The upper respiratory tract: the larynx 9 cartilages make up framework of larynx: epiglottic cartilage: spoon-shaped supportive plate in epiglottis, thyroid cartilage: largest, laryngeal prominence (adam s apple); shield-shaped, cricoid cartilage: connects larynx to trachea, ring-like.
