BOT 1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Tuber, Celery, Rhizome

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27 Feb 2017

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Fruits (a botanical term, a fertilized ovary (plant embreos are fruit) an over the base and a stigma after the fertililatsation of an ovary turns into a fruit. It is the ovary and other parts as it contains seeds, only flowering plants contain fruit, these are different segments of an overy. Ovary development ; cell devision, cell expansion = ripeinging. If you take a section before fertilization = ovary after = fruit , the petals all fall off and the ovary becomes bigger , what we use as fruits and vegetables. Vegetables come from the vegetative part of the plant (root , stem and leaves) When you look at fruits, they are very variable fruits come from ovary and ovary wall but some have other flower parts (i. e. apples) some fruits are fleshy (ex. Tomatos) and certain fruits are dry like grains, split and non-spit.

Related Questions

4. Plant Reproduction

Flowering plants are the most evolutionarily successful group of plants. Most of

the plants that the average person sees in a day are flowering plants. Grass, broadleaf

trees, and shrubs are all flowering plants. One of the keys to the extraordinary success

of flowering plants is the fruit.

4a. Popular culture classifies green bell peppers as vegetables. You put them

in your chili, right, not in a pie?! However, after having taken BIOL 101, you

know that they are actually fruits and not vegetables. Give a scientific

explanation of a fruit, and, consequently, how you know that a green bell pepper

is a fruit, contrasting it to what you know to be vegetables, like kale and carrots

and celery.

4b. Fruits cannot happen without flowers. Explain the relationship between

fruits and flowers. As a part of your answer, explain how fruits develop, from

inception to completion. Be sure to incorporate the appropriate floral structures,

what they contribute to plant reproduction, and how they are related to their

respective seed/fruit parts.

4c. Not all flowers are the same (they have differences in color, shape, odor,

etc). Using what you learned about flowers in BIOL 101, explain why this is true.

As a part of your answer, explain the true âpurposeâ of a flower, give examples of

flowers, use the appropriate names for the parts of a flower that contribute to this

purpose, and include the concept of co-evolution between the flower and the

main audience for the flower.

Give the possible genotypes and ploidy of the reproductive parts listed below if a pine tree with female megasporophylls have a genotype "aa" is cross pollinated by a male plant with cones which have microsporophylls with a genotype "Aa". These plants are usually dioecious.

microspore mother cell -

megaspore-

cells of cotyledon from resulting embryo after fertilization-

cells of the integument-

archegonia cells -

pollen grain cells-

sperm-

seed coat -

megagametophyte -

ovule and integuments-

Do these plants exhibit double fertilization?

Do these plants produce a fruit?

Do these plants have an ovary?

oliveox7

Question 1

The key innovation that allowed for plant survival on land, seenin the first land plants and all others after, but not in thecharophytes, is

Question 1 options:

	fruit.
	vascular tissue.
	the seed.
	protection of the embryo.

Question 2

Which dramatic change in the alternation-of-generations lifecycle led to the protection of all phases of the life cycle and theformation of seeds?

Question 2 options:

	transition from a dominant gametophyte generation to a dominantsporophyte generation
	transition from a dominant sporophyte generation to a dominantgametophyte generation

Question 3

Which structure(s) allow the sporophyte of vascular plants to beprotected against drying out?

Question 3 options:

	the waxy covering of leaves, called the cuticle
	small openings in the leaves, called stomata
	guard cells that surround each stoma
	all of these structures protect the dominant sporophyte fromdrying out

Question 4

Why are the bryophytes called nonvascular plants?

Question 4 options:

	because they are specialized for transporting water and organicnutrients
	because their roots, stems, and leaves lack vascular tissue
	because they protect their embryo
	because they produce wind-blown spores

Question 5

Which generation is dominant in the bryophytes?

Question 5 options:

	the generations are equally dominant
	the sporophyte
	the gametophyte
	there is no sporophyte generation in bryophytes

Question 6

Which of the bryophytes are typically low-lying, due mostly totheir need for moisture and lack of vascular tissue?

Question 6 options:

	the mosses
	the liverworts
	the hornworts
	all of the bryophytes are low-lying

Question 7

Which structure of the moss protects the embryo from dryingout?

Question 7 options:

	the archegonium
	the antheridium
	the sporangium
	the stalk

Question 8

Cooksonia were the first __________ plants; they hadwind-blown spores, __________, leaves, and roots.

Question 8 options:

	nonvascular; branches
	vascular; seeds
	nonvascular; seeds
	vascular; branches

Question 9

The roots of today's lycophytes are much like __________ were inearly vascular plants; the vascular tissue is __________.

Question 9 options:

	roots; centrally placed
	stems; centrally placed
	leaves; only found at the perimeter
	branches; only found at the perimeter

Question 10

Pteridophytes, or ferns and their allies, are __________vascular plants with __________.

Question 10 options:

	seed-producing; microphylls
	seedless; microphylls
	seedless; megaphylls
	seed-producing; megaphylls

Question 11

Microphylls __________. Megaphylls__________.

Question 11 options:

	are found in all vascular plants; are only found in thelycophytes
	are broad leaves with a single strand of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have several strands vascular tissue
	are broad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue; arenarrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue
	are narrow and have a single strand of vascular tissue; arebroad leaves with several strands of vascular tissue

Question 12

The fern life cycle

Question 12 options:

	all of these choices accurately describe the fern lifecycle.
	is dependent on external water.
	relies on the wind to disperse the spores.
	produces a gametophyte that lacks vascular tissue.

Question 13

Seed plants use meiosis to produce

Question 13 options:

	spores and pollen.
	seeds and fruit.
	pollen and seeds.
	microspores and megaspores.

Question 14

In seed plants, a microspore develops into

Question 14 options:

	an egg.
	a pollen grain.
	a sporophyte.
	All of these answers correctly complete this sentence.

Question 15

Within the angiosperms, or ___________, two groups exist. Theyare named for their __________.

Question 15 options:

	vascular plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats
	nonvascular plants; leaf type
	flowering plants; number of cotyledons, or seed coats
	fungi; leaf type

Question 16

The __________ parts of a flower are the stamens, each of whichhas two parts: the anther and the filament. The __________ parts ofa flower are the carpel, which has three major regions: the stigma,the style, and the __________.

Question 16 options:

	female; male; ovary
	male; female; sepals
	female; male; sepals
	male; female; ovary

Question 17

Double fertilization during the angiosperm life cycle involvestwo sperm, one of which __________, while the other __________.

Question 17 options:

	fertilizes the egg to form a zygote; produces the endospermnucleus, which will develop into food for the developing plant
	is a mature male gametophyte; is an immature malegametophyte
	lands on the carpel of the plant; is usually blown away in thewind
	develops into the seed; develops into the fruit that surroundsthe seeds

Question 18

The bodies of most fungi are made up of a network of filamentscalled hyphae.

Question 18 options:

	True
	False

Question 19

What is the difference between land fungi and the chytrids?

Question 19 options:

	Land fungi are motile and have flagella at all stages of theirlife cycle. The chytrids do not have flagella.
	Land fungi are nonmotile and do not have flagella at any stageof their life cycle. The chytrids have flagellated spores andgametes.
	Land fungi are nonmotile and only have flagellated spores. Thechytrids have flagellated spores and gametes.
	Both are motile for part of their life cycle. Land fungi aremotile as gametes. Chytrids are motile as spores.

Question 20

The vast majority of described species of fungi are __________fungi, which include unicellular __________, which reproducesexually once their food supply runs out. When yeast ferment, theyproduce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 20 options:

	zygospore; black bread molds
	club; mushroom
	sac; yeast
	mutualistic; lichen

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BOT 1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Tuber, Celery, Rhizome

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