MCB 2050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: X-Inactivation, Histone Deacetylase, Reading Frame

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular and Cellular Biology
• Course: MCB 2050
• Professor: Ray Lu

Document Summary

African trypanosomes: african sleeping sickness caused by trypanosoma brucei, trypanosome can alter their protein coat, (infection can last a long time, changed by large array of genes that encode the variant surface glycoproteins (vsgs) Controlled transcription of dna: transcription in prokaryotes occurs when a gene is accessible to rna polymerase, made not accessible from changes in the environment, lac & trp operons. In eukaryotes environmental factors need to enter the nucleus to affect the dna: also may need to pass through many other cells to impact transcription, transcription regulation is caused by proteins called transcription factors. Alternate splicing of rna: genes with multiple introns pose a certain problem. Introns must be spliced out of eukaryotic rna: can be removed separately, or together. If two successive introns are removed together their exon will also be removed: used to economize genetic information so different transcripts of a gene can encode for different proteins. Induction of transcriptional activity by env. and biol.