BIOL 2420 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Alveolar Cells, Airway Resistance, Breathing

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 2420
• Professor: Diana Mlinar

Document Summary

Unit 2: respiratory system (c) factors affecting pulmonary ventilation: compliance lung, cl = lung volume/ tp, depends on. The stretchability of lung tissue: decreases with age, diseases in the lungs slow/reduce stretchability. *note: the type ii alveolar cells produce surfactant because of the stretch. *note: low compliance = high effort to breath: airway resistance, passive forces: the changes in airway resistant that occurs in a single breath. Tp increases during respiration airway radius increases. Lateral traction: the alveolar structures expand: bronchial smooth muscle tone: Psns is responsible for bronchoconstriction: not much sns activity, but there is endocrine activity (epinephrine release stimulate the 2 receptors on smooth muscle = dilation/relaxes of airways. Paracrine agents: histamine release causes airways to constrict (because of the increase in resistance) Increased co2 causes bronchioles to dilate (so the garbage can be released: decreased co2 causes bronchioles to constrict, airway resistance, pathological states, asthma: Causes inflammation of the airways & bronchoconstriction because of irritants.