ARCL 140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Achondroplasia, Marfan Syndrome, Microevolution
4 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Gregor mendel is the father of modern genetics. 7 traits seemed to be inherited independently from one another. Two plants with different traits - purebred recessive and purebred dominant - all offspring are yellow peas. Bred the hybrids together and the 3rd generation was green peas and yellow peas. Principle of segregation - every organism contains 2 traits for each variable. Each gamete contains one of these traits due to meiosis. During fertilisation the next generation receives a pair of traits, inheriting one from each parent. Heterozygous - different trait , homozygous - same traits. Principle of independent assortment - alleles for separate traits are passed independently from parent to offspring. Occurs during the genetic recombination phase of meiosis. 2 types of alleles - dominant and recessive. Dominant will always mask recessive - not universally applicable. Upper case letters - dominant alleles, lower case - recessive alleles. Tt = homozygous dominant, tt = heterozygous dominant, tt= homozygous recessive.
