BIOL 335 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Regulatory Sequence, Phosphorylation, Restriction Enzyme

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lavenderwhale632

16 Jan 2019

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Basal promoter binds the transcription factors required for recruitment of rna polymerase, and for transcription initiation: responsible for binding general transcription factors. Enhancer sequences are regulatory dna sequences that, when bound by transcription factors, increase the transcription of an associated gene: help to increase transcription from the basal promoter. Enhancers: are position independent, are orientation independent, are up to 100 kb away but usually within 2-10 kb of gene(s, regulate the time, place, and amount of transcription. The transcription factors that bind to enhancers help to recruit rna polymerase (and associated factors) to the promoter. Boundary elements or insulators prevent enhancers from activating other promoters. Insulates the effect of the enhancers so that it does not cross over the boundary. Enhancer trap: a reporter gene with a promoter lacking any enhancer elements: reporter gene clones with the basal promoter to drive transcription of the reporter gene. Promoter trap: a reporter gene having no promoter.

Related Questions

Eukaryotic transcription normally takes place on a chromatin template at nuclease-accessible sites.(True/False)

*After promoter clearance by RNA polymerase II:

A) all associated factors remain bound to the polymerase for elongation.

B) a subset of factors remain at the promoter region.

*Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) RNA polymerase II is responsible for the transcription of genes encoding protein-coding sequences only.

B) Many promoters recognized by RNA polymerase II contain regulatory elements several kbp upstream of the initiation site.

C) TFIIB has a role in converting a closed-promoter into an open-promoter complex.

D) The C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA pol II undergoes extensive phosphorylation prior to transcription elongation.

E) A multiprotein complex is involved in communication between upstream control elements and proteins bound at the promoter.

C) no further elongation factors are acquired by the polymerase.

D) no further chromatin remodeling is required.

E) transcription continues until the polymerase reaches the poly (A) tail

*In eukaryotes RNA polymerase I transcribes all of the ribosomal RNA components.(TRUE/FALSE)

1) In Eukaryotes, repetitive sequence inclues:
A) Centromere sequences
B) Telomere sequences
C) All of the above

2) Satelit DNA:
A) Was orignally discoverd in E. Coli
B) Represents plasmid DNA sequences
C) Contains repetitive DNA sequences
D) Has the same density as main band DNA
E) All of the above

3) Inversions _____ The number of crossover offspring.
A) Decrease
B) Increase
C) Do not change
(I Believe the answer is "C" ^. can you explain why?)

4) In human genome, repetitive DNA is estimated to be ___ of the total genome.
A) .1%
B) 1%
C) 10%
D) 50%
E) 90%

5) In E. Coli, the promoter sequence:
A) Contains a short AT rich sequence
B) Binds transcription factors
C) All of the above

6) In eukaryotic transcription:
A) Transcription factors bind to the promoter and then RNA polymerase binds.
B) Transcription factors bind to RNA polymerase which then binds to the promoter
C) Transcription factors are NOT required to initiate transcription

Explanation for each would help immensely. THANK YOU in advance for your time!!!

cerisebadger105

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIOL 335 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Regulatory Sequence, Phosphorylation, Restriction Enzyme

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