PSYC 2160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Morris Water Navigation Task, Aplysia Gill And Siphon Withdrawal Reflex, Rhinal Cortex
CH 11 Learning & Memory
H.M.
Amnesia
Retrograde: is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was
learned, before an injury or the onset of a disease.
Anterograde: is a loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused
the amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while
long-term memories from before the event remain intact.
Evolving Perspectives of the Hippocampus & Memory
Delayed nonmatching-to-sample test: a test in which the subject is presented with an
unfamiliar sample object & then, after a delay, is presented with a choice between the
sample object & the unfamiliar object, where the correct choice is the unfamiliar object
Medial temporal cortex: cortex in this lobe that lies adjacent to the hippocampus &
amygdala
Mumby box: an apparatus that is used in the rat version of the delayed nonmatching-to-
sample test
Declarative memory: research with rats shows damage impairs abilities on 2 types of
tasks: (1) delayed matching-to-sample tasks (subject see an object & must later choose
the object that matches; (2) delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks (subject sees object
& must later choose the object that is different from the sample)
Spatial memory: damage to the hippocampus also impairs ability on spatial tasks such
as: radial mazes (a rat re-enters one arm before trying other arms has made an error of
spatial memory) & Morris water maze task (find the platform)
Hippocampus is important for: contextual learning
→ remembering the detail & context of an event
→ damage to the hippocampus impairs recent learning more than older learning
(involved with the acquisition of memory/learning - the more consolidated a memory becomes,
the less it depends on the hippocampus)
Medial Temporal Lobes & Memory
Major structures of the medial temporal lobe: rhinal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus
Place cells (hippocampus) & grid cells (entorhinal cells) & boundary cells (cells activated
when in the boundary of the map)
→ helps us figure out where we are
→ when we figure out our paths & map out, there is activation
→ grid cells are activated for certain places then when in others
It’s a combination of these (^) that make us aware of where we are in space
5 Brain areas implicated in Memory
Amygdala: associated with fear learning (emotions memory)
Parietal lobe: associated with piecing info together (e.g., sorting cards)
Anterior Temporal complex: damage to this results in loss of semantic memory
(semantic dementia)
Prefrontal cortex: involved in learned behaviour & decision making (WM)
Cerebellum:
striate
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Retrograde: is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was learned, before an injury or the onset of a disease. Medial temporal cortex: cortex in this lobe that lies adjacent to the hippocampus & amygdala. Mumby box: an apparatus that is used in the rat version of the delayed nonmatching-to- sample test. Declarative memory: research with rats shows damage impairs abilities on 2 types of tasks: (1) delayed matching-to-sample tasks (subject see an object & must later choose the object that matches; (2) delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks (subject sees object. & must later choose the object that is different from the sample) Remembering the detail & context of an event. Damage to the hippocampus impairs recent learning more than older learning (involved with the acquisition of memory/learning - the more consolidated a memory becomes, the less it depends on the hippocampus) Major structures of the medial temporal lobe: rhinal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus.
