ANP 1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Dense Irregular Connective Tissue, Sliding Filament Theory

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Anatomy and Physiology
• Course: ANP 1105
• Professor: John Copeland

Document Summary

Transforms chemical energy (atp) to directed mechanical energy resulting in exerting force. Includes three types; skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Myo, mys, and sarco = prefixes for muscle. Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are called muscle fibers. Attached to bones or (some facial muscles) to skin. Appearance of cell; single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate (two or more nuclei) cells with obvious striations. Ela(cid:271)orate sar(cid:272)oplas(cid:373)i(cid:272) reti(cid:272)ulu(cid:373) (cid:271)ut does(cid:374)"t (cid:272)o(cid:374)tai(cid:374) gap ju(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s. Regulation of contraction is voluntary via axon terminals of the somatic nervous system. Located in the walls of the heart. Appearance of cells: branching chains of cells; uni- or binucleate; striations. Sarcoplasmic reticulum is less than skeletal muscle (1-8% of cell volume); scant terminal cisterns. Gap junctions located at intercalated discs; but cells do not exhibit individual neurotransmuscular transjunctions. Regulation of contraction is involuntary; intrinsic system regulation; also autonomic nervous system controls; hormones; stretch.