BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Active Transport, Troponin, Exocytosis

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peardinosaur3

28 Dec 2017

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 1140

Professor

Caroline Petit- Turcotte

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Document Summary

Membrane potential: a way to measure the difference in overall charge in either size of the (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)e (cid:894)(cid:373)v(cid:895). Whe(cid:374) the (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)e is at rest (cid:894)(cid:272)ell is(cid:374)"t (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)i(cid:272)ati(cid:374)g, (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272). Gradie(cid:374)t is constant) means the net change in conc. is none. For most cells, resting membrane potential will be (-60) (-90(cid:895) (cid:373)v. that"s (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause ethers a differe(cid:374)(cid:272)e i(cid:374) (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:374)tratio(cid:374) of differe(cid:374)t io(cid:374)s o(cid:374) the inside and on the outside. Most cells have more potassium on the inside, and a lot more sodium on the outside. Chloride ions and calcium ions are taken into account for overall charge. Membrane is not permeable for ions in general. The membrane is more permeable to potassium than sodium which contributes to the difference in overall charge across the membrane. When a cell becomes stimulated because ligand gated are open or something has triggered the entry of exit of ions, that overall concentration of both sides will change so overall membrane potential will change.

Related Questions

Which of the following statements about resting membrane potential is not true? Why?

(a) The resting membrane potential for most animal cells is 0 mV, because the positive and negative ions are in balance.

(b) The resting membrane potential for most animal cells is positive, because Na+ ions are so plentiful inside cells.

(c) The resting membrane potential for most animal cells is negative, because the inside of the cell is more negatively charged than the outside of the cell.

(d) At the resting membrane potential, no ions enter or exit the cell.

lemonllama817

**Please only answer if you are 100% correct!

1. Why are Na+, K+, and Clâ the only ions considered in the GK equation when calculating resting membrane potential (Vm)?

A. These ions are found in the highest concentrations inside the cell

B. These are the ions to which cell membranes are permeable at rest

C. Only these ions have enough charge to influence Vm

D. These ions bind to receptors that increase the charge on the membrane

2. Voltage-regulated channels are located

A. on the neuron cell body only

B. within the cytosol only

C. in the membranes of axons only

D. in the membranes of dendrites only

E. in the membranes of dendrites, in the membranes of axons, and on the neuron cell body

3. As the charge on the membrane of a typical neuron approaches 0 from -70 mV, the cell is

A. hyperpolarizing and becoming more difficult to stimulate

B. only becoming more difficult to stimulate

C. only hyperpolarizing

D. only depolarizing

E. only repolarizing

QUESTION 1

Ion diffusion across plasma membrane needs

		a concentration gradient across the membrane
		specific transporters
		ATP
		provide extra energy for the transport

2 points

QUESTION 2

There are four types of large biological molecules

2 points

QUESTION 3

Active transporters transport substances across cell membrane against ____________

2 points

QUESTION 4

Which of the following is a nonpolar amino acid?

	1.	Valine
	2.	Serine
	3.	Aspartic acid
	4.	Glutamic acid

2 points

QUESTION 5

Membrane potential of a cell is created by:

	1.	sodium ion concentration difference between inside and outside of the cell
	2.	a difference in protein concentration across the cell membrane
	3.	an electrical potential difference between the intracellular fluid and the surrounding extracellular fluid
	4.	a difference between the potassium concentration inside and outside of the cell

2 points

QUESTION 6

A mutation resulted in a change from a valine to a glutamic acid in a peptide sequence. This mutation will NOT change the protein folding

True

False

2 points

QUESTION 7

Ions can be transported across plasma membrane by

	1.	diffusion
	2.	No need of transporters
	3.	osmosis
	4.	active transport

2 points

QUESTION 8

Phospholipid is composed of

	1.	A glycerol backbone
	2.	One protein group
	3.	One carbohydrate group
	4.	Two fatty acid chains and one phosphate group

2 points

QUESTION 9

Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are similar in

	1.	Plasma membrane
	2.	nucleus
	3.	mechanism for protein translation
	4.	endoplasmic reticulum

2 points

QUESTION 10

Disulfide bonds are formed between two histidine residues

True

False

BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Active Transport, Troponin, Exocytosis

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