ANTC67H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Standardized Mortality Ratio, Systematic Review, Selection Bias
Document Summary
What is environment: definition: study of relationship between the environment and population health, anything external to individual, including factors like air, water, food, climate, physical space. Accidental: hazardous situation, speed, influence of alcohol or drugs. Chemical: tobacco, chemical, dust, skin irritant, food additive. Hierarchy of environmental causes: recall: causes of disease do not occur in isolation. Significance of environmental exposure: 25-35% of the global burden of disease is caused by exposure to environmental factors. Main contributor: unsafe drinks, poor sanitation, indoor air pollution, urban pollution. Population of interest: we need to estimate the impact of environmental factor on the general population. All health levels, including sick and healthy people: challenges: studies used to establish safety standard for environmental hazard are often conducted in occupational cohort. Different population subgroups react to exposure differently. Doseo external: the total exposure; the amount of the environment agent that comes into contact with body.
