EESA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Herd Immunity, Passive Immunity, Immune System
20 Mar 2019
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Document Summary
Human body is a habitat and host to many organisms. Associations that harm or bother us are infectious diseases; agents are pathogens. Zoonosis infectious disease transmissible to humans from other animals. If enough members of a group are immune, hard to maintain chain of infection. Evolution of strategies for managing transmission of disease: segregation of sick or exposed persons. The transmission of infectious disease: transmission through closeness / contact. Droplet transmission: coughing, sneezing: diphtheria, tuberculosis, pertussis; influenza, measles, mumps, and rubella. Direct oral contact: strep, herpes simplex-1, infectious mononucleosis. Transmission by fomite (object or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms: skin cells, hair, clothing, bedding, airborne transmission in aerosols (distinct from droplet transmission, fecal-oral transmission of diarrheal disease. Fecal-oral pathway: one person"s infectious diarrheal disease becomes next person"s disease of fecal origin. If sewage not well controlled, waterborne transmission dominates. Fecal-oral transmission also via soil and by hand-to-mouth transmission. Cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery; giardiasis, cryptosporidium (zoonoses); hepatitis a,
